Analys

USD weakness, inventory draws and a pinch of Venezuela concerns

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7 år sedan

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31 juli, 2017

Last week Brent crude gained 9.3% w/w with a close of $52.52/b on Friday. WTI gained comparably much (+8.6%) with a close of $49.71/b. The main gains were in the front end of the crude curves leading to a substantial flattening of the forward curves. Brent crude Dec 2020 only gained 2.6% with a close of $54.72/b and thus a way smaller gain than in the front end of the forward curves. For WTI the front end contract now only sits $0.34/b below the 18 mth forward WTI contracts which closed the week at $50.05/b.

Continued inventory draws last week underpinned the crude oil price rally and the flattening of the forward crude curves. Weekly inventory data last week saw draws of 16 mb of which 10 mb were in the US while a reduction of 8.6 mb in floating storage also took a solid bite. Over the past 5 weeks inventories have drawn down some 70 mb in weekly data. Thus inventory draws kicked in and accelerated almost on the clock as we entered stronger seasonal consumption in Q3-17. Since mid-March weekly data indicate an inventory draw of 104 mb of which 76 mb took place in the US while 18 mb were drawn in floating storage. Refineries are rapidly coming back online with increased crude oil consumption as a result. There are still more refineries to come back online both in Asia and LatAm while Europe and Africa are mostly all up and running. We expect continued draws in H2-17.

Saudi Arabia of course added some extra fuel on the fire last week as they promised exports of no more than 6.6 mb/d in August. That would be their lowest monthly export since early 2011 (not including oil products). From Jan-May Saudi Arabia exported 7.17 kb/d. If it sticks to 6.6 mb/d exports in August it will be a reduction of 705 kb/d y/y versus its pledged production cut of 490 kb/d. The lower export pledged in August of course coincide with high domestic summer demand in Saudi Arabia. As such it remains to be seen whether the export cap of 6.6 mb/d remains in place after August. What it shows more than anything is determination by the Saudi energy minister Al-Falih. Determination to draw inventories down and the time to do it is H2-17 before US shale oil revival extends too far in 2018. It is thus possible that Saudi Arabia maintains its export cap beyond August.

The softening in the US dollar has definitely underpinned the whole crude oil rally. It has underpinned a rally in the whole commodity complex. Over the past 5 weeks Bloomberg’s commodity index has gained 8.3% with 11.9% in Energy, 8.3% in Agri, 7% in Industrial metals and 1% in precious. The USD index has declined a substantial 4.1% over the period with half of the overall commodity index gain being a nominal impact from a softer dollar. IMF’s upgrade last week of growth in Europe, Japan and China while downgrading US growth from 2.3% to 2.1% (little hope for promised tax cuts) is the example in case which drives the dollar lower. US growth has been ahead of the curve for a long time and now the rest of the world is catching up. If the dollar weakness continues it will undoubtedly drive commodity prices in general and oil prices specifically higher in nominal terms. With the 4.1% USD Index decline over the past 5 weeks the Brent crude Dec 2020 contract has gained 5.5%. Thus almost all of this can be attributed to the dollar effect.

The deteriorating situation in Venezuela probably adds some support to oil prices as well. A national election was held this weekend to vote for members of a National Constituent Assembly. This Assembly will have no fixed term, it will have powers to rewrite the constitution. It will supersede the National Assembly and hand Nicolas Maduro close to dictatorial power and end close to six decades of democracy. At least 10 people were killed in clashes during the election this weekend and some 120 people have been killed in uprisings since April. Venezuela probably holds the world’s largest oil reserves (297 billion barrels) and produced 1.97 mb/d in June (Blberg) which is close to exactly equal to the production cap under the current OPEC production agreement. Its production has however deteriorated steadily due to lack of investments with production standing at 2.37 mb/d back in July 2015. The main concern in the oil market following the election is possible sanctions by Donald Trump. The US buys a third of Venezuela’s oil exports. Extensive US sanctions could make it almost impossible for international oil companies to work in Venezuela. For now the market is awaiting reactions from Donald Trump.

Today equities are up across the board, industrial metals are up 1% and Brent crude traded as much as 0.8% higher before now trading flat at $52.5/b. Thus so far this morning crude oil is lagging behind the gains in industrial metals. Crude oil is trading cautiously following five consecutive days of solid gains. A slight negative this morning is the USD Index which gains 0.3%. We expect to see further oil inventory draws also this week. If the USD Index also continues on its softening trend the two drivers are likely to push crude oil prices yet higher also this week. Money managers have added net long positions for 4 weeks in a row now but probably have room to add more. Producers are likely to sell into the forward crude prices. This is likely to hold back gains for medium term crude prices while inventory draws and investor appetite continues to push upwards in the front leading to a yet flatter crude curve. Potentially shifting the curves into backwardation.

The crude oil inventory draws taking place at the moment are of course real and they will draw down more during H2-17. Still it is important to remember that they are artificially managed by a 1.8 mb/d cut by OPEC and some non-OPEC members. Currently they help to draw down invnetories and to flatten curude curves. When needed however, the volumes will be put back into the market some time in 2018 or 2019.

Ch 1: Inventories in global weekly data drew 16 mb last week.
Over the past 5 weeks inventories have drawn down 70 mb in weekly data

Ch2: US crude and product stocks now well below last year
And down y/y first time since 2014

Ch3: The USD Index has moved down 9.6% since the start of the year
More specifically it has moved down 4.2% since crude oil prices bottomed out in June 21st.
It is now the weakest since a brief sell-off in February 2016.
However, it needs to decline another 15% to get down the the weakness it had in 2014.

Ch4: If we had had USD weakness as in 2014 we should nominally have had an oil price of close to $60/b

Ch5: Crude oil forward curves flattened substantially last week
As investors and refineries bought the front while producers probably sold into the rally out on the curve

Ch6: The 1 to 6mth crude time spreads got close to zero

Ch7: And crude time spreads of 1mth to 18mth were not far away either
With WTI 1mth closing just $0.34/b below the 18mth on Friday and trading just $0.19/b below today

Annons

Ch8: A word of caution though. The tightness is not so evident in the Brent crude oil spot market
Dated Brent still trades at a $0.5/b discount to the 1mth contract in a sign that deficit of crude oil is still not quite yet here

Ch9: US oil players added 2 rigs last week

Ch10: Global refineries are rapidly getting back on line consuming more crude oil
More to come in Asia, ME and LatAm

Ch11: Deteriorating crude production in Venezuela
Production could be hit hard by possible US sanctions

Ch12: Net long managed money probably has room to add more length
Even though length has been added 4 weeks in a row now

Kind regards

Bjarne Schieldrop
Chief analyst, Commodities
SEB Markets
Merchant Banking

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Analys

Crude oil comment: Mixed U.S. data skews bearish – prices respond accordingly

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10 timmar sedan

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15 november, 2024

Redaktionen

Since market opening yesterday, Brent crude prices have returned close to the same level as 24 hours ago. However, before the release of the weekly U.S. petroleum status report at 17:00 CEST yesterday, we observed a brief spike, with prices reaching USD 73.2 per barrel. This morning, Brent is trading at USD 71.4 per barrel as the market searches for any bullish fundamentals amid ongoing concerns about demand growth and the potential for increased OPEC+ production in 2025, for which there currently appears to be limited capacity – a fact that OPEC+ is fully aware of, raising doubts about any such action.

Ole R. Hvalbye, Analyst Commodities, SEB

It is also notable that the USD strengthened yesterday but retreated slightly this morning.

U.S. commercial crude oil inventories increased by 2.1 million barrels to 429.7 million barrels. Although this build brings inventories to about 4% below the five-year seasonal average, it contrasts with the earlier U.S. API data, which had indicated a decline of 0.8 million barrels. This discrepancy has added some downward pressure on prices.

On the other hand, gasoline inventories fell sharply by 4.4 million barrels, and distillate (diesel) inventories dropped by 1.4 million barrels, both now sitting around 4-5% below the five-year average. Total commercial petroleum inventories also saw a significant decline of 6.5 million barrels, helping to maintain some balance in the market.

Refinery inputs averaged 16.5 million barrels per day, an increase of 175,000 barrels per day from the previous week, with refineries operating at 91.4% capacity. Crude imports rose to 6.5 million barrels per day, an increase of 269,000 barrels per day.

Over the past four weeks, total products supplied averaged 20.8 million barrels per day, up 1.8% from the same period last year. Gasoline demand increased by 0.6%, while distillate (diesel) and jet fuel demand declined significantly by 4.0% and 4.6%, respectively, compared to the same period a year ago.

Overall, the report presents mixed signals but leans slightly bearish due to the increase in crude inventories and notably weaker demand for diesel and jet fuel. These factors somewhat overshadow the bullish aspects, such as the decline in gasoline inventories and higher refinery utilization.

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Analys

Crude oil comment: Fundamentals back in focus, with OPEC+ strategy crucial for price direction

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2 dagar sedan

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14 november, 2024

Redaktionen

Since the market close on Monday, November 11, Brent crude prices have stabilized around USD 72 per barrel, after briefly dipping to a monthly low of USD 70.7 per barrel yesterday afternoon. The momentum has been mixed, oscillating between bearish and cautious optimism. This morning, Brent is trading at USD 71.9 per barrel as the market adopts a “wait and see” stance. The continued strength of the US dollar is exerting downward pressure on commodities overall, while ongoing concerns about demand growth are weighing on the outlook for crude.

As we noted in Tuesday’s crude oil comment, there has been an unusual silence from Iran, leading to a significant reduction in the geopolitical risk premium. According to the Washington Post, Israel has initiated cease-fire negotiations with Lebanon, influenced by the shifting political landscape following Trump’s potential return to the White House. As a result, the market is currently pricing in a reduced risk of further major escalations in the Middle East. However, while the geopolitical risk premium of around USD 4-5 per barrel remains in the background, it has been temporarily sidelined but could quickly resurface if tensions escalate.

The EIA reports that India has now become the primary source of oil demand growth in Asia, as China’s consumption weakens due to its economic slowdown and rising electric vehicle sales. This highlights growing concerns over China’s diminishing role in the global oil market.

From a fundamental perspective, we expect Brent crude to remain well above USD 70 per barrel in the near term, but the outlook hinges largely on the upcoming OPEC+ meeting in early December. So far, the cartel, led by Saudi Arabia and Russia, has twice postponed its plans to increase production this year. This decision was made in response to weakening demand from China and increasing US oil supplies, which have dampened market sentiment. The cartel now plans to implement the first in a series of monthly hikes starting in January 2025, after originally planning them for October. Given the current supply dynamics, there appears to be limited room for additional OPEC volumes at this time, and the situation will likely be reassessed at their December 1st meeting.

The latest report from the US API showed a decline in US crude inventories of 0.8 million barrels last week, with stockpiles at the Cushing, Oklahoma hub falling by a substantial 1.9 million barrels. The “official” figures from the US DOE are expected to be released today at 16:30 CEST.

In conclusion, over the past month, global crude oil prices have fluctuated between gains and losses as market participants weigh US monetary policy (particularly in light of the election), concerns over Chinese demand, and the evolving supply strategy of OPEC+. The coming weeks will be critical in shaping the near-term outlook for the oil market.

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Analys

Crude oil comment: Iran’s silence hints at a new geopolitical reality

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4 dagar sedan

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12 november, 2024

Redaktionen

Since the market opened on Monday, November 11, Brent crude prices have declined sharply, dropping nearly USD 2.2 per barrel in just over a day. The positive momentum seen in late October and early November has largely dissipated, with Brent now trading at USD 71.9 per barrel.

Several factors have contributed to the recent price decline. Most notably, the continued strengthening of the U.S. dollar remains a key driver, as it gained further overnight. Meanwhile, U.S. government bond yields showed mixed movements: the 2-year yield rose, while the 10-year yield edged slightly lower, indicating larger uncertainty.

Adding to the downward pressure is ongoing concern over weak Chinese crude demand. The market reacted negatively to the absence of a consumer-focused stimulus package, which has led to persistent pricing in of subdued demand from China – the world’s largest crude importer and second-largest crude consumer. However, we anticipate that China recognizes the significance of the situation, and a substantial stimulus package is imminent once the country emerges from its current balance sheet recession: where businesses and households are currently prioritizing debt reduction over spending and investment, limiting immediate economic recovery.

Lastly, the geopolitical risk premium appears to be fading due to the current silence from Iran. As we have highlighted previously, when a “scheduled” retaliatory strike does not materialize quickly, it reduces any built-in price premium. With no visible retaliation from Iran yesterday, and likely none today or tomorrow, the market is pricing in diminished geopolitical risk. Furthermore, the outcome of the U.S. with a Trump victory may have altered the dynamics of the conflict entirely. It is plausible that Iran will proceed cautiously, anticipating a harsh response (read sanctions) from the U.S. should tensions escalate further.

Looking ahead, the market will be closely monitoring key reports this week: the EIA’s Weekly Petroleum Status Report on Wednesday and the IEA’s Oil Market Report on Thursday.

In summary, we believe that while the demand outlook will eventually stabilize, the strong oil supply continues to act as a suppressing force on prices. Given the current supply environment, there appears to be little room for additional OPEC volumes at this time, a situation the cartel will likely assess continuously on a monthly basis going forward.

With this context, we maintain moderately bullish for next year and continue to see an average Brent price of USD 75 per barrel.

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