Analys
Very little middle east risk premium in Brent crude


Though the market was duly warned about upcoming Iranian retaliation attacks on US installations and armed forces the oil price still spiked up to almost $72/bl following the Iranian rocket attacks on two U.S. Iraqi bases tonight. Again, not a single drop of oil supply has been lost due to the recent incidents and that is why the oil price so quickly has fallen back down again. What the market fears is that the situation spirals out of control. An uncontrollable escalation leading to outright war is what the market fears.

This morning Brent crude is trading at $69/bl which is up 1% versus close yesterday. Brent crude had a good bull-run in Q4-19. From Oct 3 to Dec 30 it moved up $10.75/bl with a close of $68.44/bl on Dec 30. Since then it is up only $0.6/bl. So, if we look at the current Brent crude oil price trading close to $70/bl there is almost no premium from the recent events in the middle east. Not so strange as we so far have lost no oil either.
The point is that the current Brent crude oil price has derived very little of its current price level from the latest events in the middle east. It is mostly about other things. One should thus not expect the oil price to fall back all that much if/when the current middle east geopolitical tension eases. A sell-off should be temporary and not so deep if the current middle east tension eases.
The current Brent crude oil price level of close to $70/bl and its upwards journey to get there through Q4-19 is about a global manufacturing PMI finally halting its long deterioration and instead moving higher again since bottoming out in July. It is about a weakening USD since the end of September. It is about central bank quantitative tightening shifting back to quantitative easing. It is about increasing monetary stimulus and expectations of ditto fiscal stimulus in 2020. It is about a market finally stopping believing that the bottom is about to fall out of the global economy following an almost continuous deterioration in global manufacturing from the end of 2017 to July 2019. The weakening global oil demand growth was/is in other words not about to fall off a cliff in 2020 either.
On the supply side of the equation we’ve had US shale oil drilling rigs being kicked out of the market from day one in 2019 and then relentlessly lower all through 2019. In Q4-19 it finally started to dawn on the market that US shale oil production was going to slow down sharply in 2020 as a result of this. So instead of booming production growth in 2018 and 2019 due to a huge infusion of debt into the shale oil sector the US EIA in December projected that US shale oil would only grow by 310 k bl/d from Dec-19 to Dec-20.
In other words what Q4-19 brought to the market was a relief and a belief that global oil demand growth would not fall out of bed in 2020 while booming US shale oil production growth in 2018 and 2019 would instead look more like a trickle-growth in 2020. Then this was topped up by further cuts by OPEC+ though the latest deal is so far only valid in Q1-20.
So, in terms of looking for downside price risks from the current Brent crude oil price level of close to $70/bl one should look for 1) A USD shifting from current weakening to instead a strengthening trend. 2) A reviving global manufacturing PMI starting to weaken instead of strengthening. 3) US oil rig count starting to rise again. 4) Lack of compliance within OPEC+ coming from Russia, Nigeria and Iraq (primarily) or signals of no extension of cuts beyond Q1-20 for the current OPEC+ deal.
And on these points, we could of course be concerned. The global manufacturing PMI did fall back a little again in December. Russia recently stated that they cannot hold back production forever and that they will need to start to think about is global market share at some point in time. Of course, when/if the current geopolitical tension in the middle east recedes there will follow a sell-off in crude oil prices, but they should be temporary and not very large. What could lead to a larger sell-off in the Brent crude oil price would be more due to the points above. Price over volume as a choice of strategy should be the preferred strategy for OPEC+ in 2020. Basically, because oil market surplus primarily is estimated to be a temporary issue during H1-2020 with a close to balanced market expected in H2-2020. So current cuts by OPEC+ is calculated to be a bridge to a balanced market in H2-2020. That is of course a highly endurable period for the group.
There is no good reason for OPEC+ to let global oil inventories to be bloated in H1-2020 just to have to struggle with surplus inventories for an extended period. When global oil inventories are high the spot price typically trades at a $10/bl discount to the longer dated price anchor of $60/bl. When inventories are normal to low, they can instead get a $10/bl premium which is what they are getting now with Brent at $70/bl.
Ch1: The front month Brent crude oil price has been moving up in Q4-19. The recent middle east events have added very little.

Analys
Brent crude set to dip its feet into the high $50ies/b this week

Parts of the Brent crude curve dipping into the high $50ies/b. Brent crude fell 2.3% over the week to Friday. It closed the week at $61.29/b, a slight gain on the day, but also traded to a low of $60.14/b that same day and just barely avoided trading into the $50ies/b. This morning it is risk-on in equities which seems to help industrial metals a little higher. But no such luck for oil. It is down 0.8% at $60.8/b. This week looks set for Brent crude to dip its feet in the $50ies/b. The Brent 3mth contract actually traded into the high $50ies/b on Friday.

The front-end backwardation has been on a weakening foot and is now about to fully disappear. The lowest point of the crude oil curve has also moved steadily lower and lower and its discount to the 5yr contract is now $6.8/b. A solid contango. The Brent 3mth contract did actually dip into the $50ies/b intraday on Friday when it traded to a low point of $59.93/b.
More weakness to come as lots of oil at sea comes to ports. Mid-East OPEC countries have boosted exports along with lower post summer consumption and higher production. The result is highly visibly in oil at sea which increased by 17 mb to 1,311 mb over the week to Sunday. Up 185 mb since mid-August. On its way to discharge at a port somewhere over the coming month or two.
Don’t forget that the oil market path ahead is all down to OPEC+. Remember that what is playing out in the oil market now is all by design by OPEC+. The group has decided that the unwind of the voluntary cuts is what it wants to do. In a combination of meeting demand from consumers as well as taking back market share. But we need to remember that how this plays out going forward is all at the mercy of what OPEC+ decides to do. It will halt the unwinding at some point. It will revert to cuts instead of unwind at some point.
A few months with Brent at $55/b and 40-50 US shale oil rigs kicked out may be what is needed. We think OPEC+ needs to see the exit of another 40-50 drilling rigs in the US shale oil patches to set US shale oil production on a path to of a 1 mb/d year on year decline Dec-25 to Dec-26. We are not there yet. But a 2-3 months period with Brent crude averaging $55/b would probably do it.
Oil on water increased 17 mb over the week to Sunday while oil in transit increased by 23 mb. So less oil was standing still. More was moving.

Crude oil floating storage (stationary more than 7 days). Down 11 mb over week to Sunday

The lowest point of the Brent crude oil curve versus the 5yr contract. Weakest so far this year.

Crude oil 1mth to 3mth time-spreads. Dubai held out strongly through summer, but then that center of strength fell apart in late September and has been leading weakness in crude curves lower since then.

Analys
Crude oil soon coming to a port near you

Rebounding along with most markets. But concerns over solidity of Gaza peace may also contribute. Brent crude fell 0.8% yesterday to $61.91/b and its lowest close since May this year. This morning it is bouncing up 0.9% to $62.5/b along with a softer USD amid positive sentiment with both equities and industrial metals moving higher. Concerns that the peace in Gaza may be less solid than what one might hope for also yields some support to Brent. Bets on tech stocks are rebounding, defying fears of trade war. Money moving back into markets. Gold continues upwards its strong trend and a softer dollar helps it higher today as well.

US crude & products probably rose 5.6 mb last week (API) versus a normal seasonal decline of 2.4 mb. The US API last night partial and thus indicative data for US oil inventories. Their data indicates that US crude stocks rose 7.4 mb last week, gasoline stocks rose 3.0 mb while Distillate stocks fell 4.8 mb. Altogether an increase in commercial crude and product stocks of 5.6 mb. Commercial US crude and product stocks normally decline by 2.4 mb this time of year. So seasonally adjusted the US inventories rose 8 mb last week according to the indicative numbers by the API. That is a lot. Also, the counter seasonal trend of rising stocks versus normally declining stocks this time of year looks on a solid pace of continuation. If the API is correct then total US crude and product stocks would stand 41 mb higher than one year ago and 6 mb higher than the 2015-19 average. And if we combine this with our knowledge of a sharp increase in production and exports by OPEC(+) and a large increase in oil at sea, then the current trend in US oil inventories looks set to continue. So higher stocks and lower crude oil prices until OPEC(+) switch to cuts. Actual US oil inventory data today at 18:00 CET.
US commercial crude and product stocks rising to 1293 mb in week 41 if last nights indicative numbers from API are correct.

Crude oil soon coming to a port near you. OPEC has lifted production sharply higher this autumn. At the same time demand for oil in the Middle-East has fallen as we have moved out of summer heat and crude oil burn for power for air-conditioning. The Middle-East oil producers have thus been able to lift exports higher on both accounts. Crude oil and condensates on water has shot up by 177 mb since mid-August. This oil is now on its way to ports around the world. And when they arrive, it will likely help to lift stocks onshore higher. That is probably when we will lose the last bit of front-end backwardation the the crude oil curves. That will help to drive the front-month Brent crude oil price down to the $60/b line and revisit the high $50ies/b. Then the eyes will be all back on OPEC+ when they meet in early November and then again in early December.
Crude oil and condensates at sea have moved straight up by 177 mb since mid-August as OPEC(+) has produced more, consumed less and exported more.

Analys
The Mid-East anchor dragging crude oil lower

When it starts to move lower it moves rather quickly. Gaza, China, IEA. Brent crude is down 2.1% today to $62/b after having traded as high as $66.58/b last Thursday and above $70/b in late September. The sell-off follows the truce/peace in Gaze, a flareup in US-China trade and yet another bearish oil outlook from the IEA.

A lasting peace in Gaze could drive crude oil at sea to onshore stocks. A lasting peace in Gaza would probably calm down the Houthis and thus allow more normal shipments of crude oil to sail through the Suez Canal, the Red Sea and out through the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait. Crude oil at sea has risen from 48 mb in April to now 91 mb versus a pre-Covid normal of about 50-60 mb. The rise to 91 mb is probably the result of crude sailing around Africa to be shot to pieces by the Houthis. If sailings were to normalize through the Suez Canal, then it could free up some 40 mb in transit at sea moving onshore into stocks.
The US-China trade conflict is of course bearish for demand if it continues.
Bearish IEA yet again. Getting closer to 2026. Credibility rises. We expect OPEC to cut end of 2025. The bearish monthly report from the IEA is what it is, but the closer we get to 2026, the more likely the IEA is of being ball-park right in its outlook. In its monthly report today the IEA estimates that the need for crude oil from OPEC in 2026 will be 25.4 mb/d versus production by the group in September of 29.1 mb/d. The group thus needs to do some serious cutting at the end of 2025 if it wants to keep the market balanced and avoid inventories from skyrocketing. Given that IEA is correct that is. We do however expect OPEC to implement cuts to avoid a large increase in inventories in Q1-26. The group will probably revert to cuts either at its early December meeting when they discuss production for January or in early January when they discuss production for February. The oil price will likely head yet lower until the group reverts to cuts.
Dubai: The Mid-East anchor dragging crude oil lower. Surplus emerging in Mid-East pricing. Crude oil prices held surprisingly strong all through the summer. A sign and a key source of that strength came from the strength in the front-end backwardation of the Dubai crude oil curve. It held out strong from mid-June and all until late September with an average 1-3mth time-spread premium of $1.8/b from mid-June to end of September. The 1-3mth time-spreads for Brent and WTI however were in steady deterioration from late June while their flat prices probably were held up by the strength coming from the Persian Gulf. Then in late September the strength in the Dubai curve suddenly collapsed. Since the start of October it has been weaker than both the Brent and the WTI curves. The Dubai 1-3mth time-spread now only stands at $0.25/b. The Middle East is now exporting more as it is producing more and also consuming less following elevated summer crude burn for power (Aircon) etc.
The only bear-element missing is a sudden and solid rise in OECD stocks. The only thing that is missing for the bear-case everyone have been waiting for is a solid, visible rise in OECD stocks in general and US oil stocks specifically. So watch out for US API indications tomorrow and official US oil inventories on Thursday.
No sign of any kind of fire-sale of oil from Saudi Arabia yet. To what we can see, Saudi Arabia is not at all struggling to sell its oil. It only lowered its Official Selling Prices (OSPs) to Asia marginally for November. A surplus market + Saudi determination to sell its oil to the market would normally lead to a sharp lowering of Saudi OSPs to Asia. Not yet at least and not for November.
The 5yr contract close to fixed at $68/b. Of importance with respect to how far down oil can/will go. When the oil market moves into a surplus then the spot price starts to trade in a large discount to the 5yr contract. Typically $10-15/b below the 5yr contract on average in bear-years (2009, 2015, 2016, 2020). But the 5yr contract is usually pulled lower as well thus making this approach a moving target. But the 5yr contract price has now been rock solidly been pegged to $68/b since 2022. And in the 2022 bull-year (Brent spot average $99/b), the 5yr contract only went to $72/b on average. If we assume that the same goes for the downside and that 2026 is a bear-year then the 5yr goes to $64/b while the spot is trading at a $10-15/b discount to that. That would imply an average spot price next year of $49-54/b. But that is if OPEC doesn’t revert to cuts and instead keeps production flowing. We think OPEC(+) will trim/cut production as needed into 2026 to prevent a huge build-up in global oil stocks and a crash in prices. But for now we are still heading lower. Into the $50ies/b.
-
Nyheter4 veckor sedan
OPEC+ missar produktionsmål, stöder oljepriserna
-
Nyheter4 veckor sedan
Ett samtal om guld, olja, fjärrvärme och förnybar energi
-
Nyheter2 veckor sedan
Goldman Sachs höjer prognosen för guld, tror priset når 4900 USD
-
Nyheter3 veckor sedan
Blykalla och amerikanska Oklo inleder ett samarbete
-
Nyheter3 veckor sedan
Guld nära 4000 USD och silver 50 USD, därför kan de fortsätta stiga
-
Analys4 veckor sedan
Are Ukraine’s attacks on Russian energy infrastructure working?
-
Nyheter4 veckor sedan
Guldpriset uppe på nya höjder, nu 3750 USD
-
Nyheter3 veckor sedan
Ett samtal om guld, olja, koppar och stål