Analys

Crude oil comment: It takes guts to hold short positions

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24 oktober, 2024

The oil market has experienced a retreat in bullish sentiment over the last few weeks, as shifts in geopolitical tensions have influenced the market. Notably, the anticipation of Israeli military actions, which are now expected to avoid critical Iranian oil infrastructure (though not with 100% certainty), has led to a recalibration of risk assessments.

Ole R. Hvalbye, Analyst Commodities, SEB

Despite these geopolitical developments, underlying market fundamentals, including inventory levels and production rates, continue to influence price movements. There appears to be a balancing act between the continuously uncertain geopolitical landscape and concerns over an oil surplus in 2025.

Recent IEA reports suggest that OPEC must cut an additional 0.9 million barrels per day next year to balance the market. This is in contrast to the cartel’s strategy of gradually regaining market share and increasing production by 180,000 barrels per month starting December 2024, culminating in an increase of 2.2 million barrels per day by December 2025.

OPEC will continue to closely monitor market conditions and perform monthly evaluations of their planned production increase, adjusting the production scale as needed to stabilize prices within the mid-70-to-80-dollar range.

We anticipate the planned OPEC December 2024 production increase of 180,000 barrels will occur, which is likely looming in the consciousness of market participants trying to balance the bulls and bears.

However, even though Brent prices have retreated from their largest peaks during the height of the Middle East unrest in early to mid-October, we now see Brent crude prices trading in positive territory since opening on Monday this week, climbing by USD 3 per barrel over the last four days and currently trading at a strong USD 76.2. This returns to the September peaks before the worst escalation in the Middle East.

As zero Israeli retaliation has materialized and with less focus on vital Iranian oil infrastructure, investor sentiment has been impacted, with hedge funds and money managers reducing their long positions in major petroleum contracts. Specifically, there was a notable decrease in positions across Brent (down 28 million barrels) and WTI (down 12 million barrels), reflecting a, so far, relaxed approach to potential supply disruptions.

Yesterday evening, we also received a slightly bearish US inventory report from last week’s data. There was a sizeable increase in US commercial crude oil inventories, which rose by 5.47 million barrels. However, keep in mind that total inventories remain about 4% below the five-year average for this time of year, totaling 426.0 million barrels.

Notably, gasoline inventories also experienced a rise, increasing by 0.88 million barrels, yet still tracking approximately 3% below the five-year average. In contrast, distillate (diesel) inventories saw a decrease of 1.14 million barrels yet remain a very bullish 9% below the five-year average. Overall, total commercial petroleum inventories experienced an upward movement, adding 5.9 million barrels over the week. This is slightly bearish indeed, but likely not enough to counter the geopolitical uncertainties ahead.

As market participants monitor the fundamentals, the potential for a hard Israeli retaliation remains an important risk, with possible impacts on Iranian oil facilities still on the table. Such geopolitical risks are juxtaposed with fundamental calculations, such as the enforcement of sanctions and adjustments in OPEC+ production strategies.

In summary, while current market conditions suggest a greater stabilization of prices and concerns for a surplus in 2025 are holding back Brent prices from spiraling, the underlying risks related to geopolitical actions should weigh heavier. The more time that passes without any Israeli retaliation, the more likely the risk premium will fade. Yet, more time also means more Israeli preparation, and the retaliation will likely be well-planned with significant consequences for Iran. In essence, it takes courage to maintain a short position in the current market. Again, the continuous potential for upside risks outweighs the downside risks.

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Crude oil comment: Recent ’geopolitical relief’ seems premature

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Crude oil comment: Market battling between spike-risk versus 2025 surplus

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Stronger inventory build than consensus, diesel demand notable

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21 februari, 2025

Redaktionen

Yesterday’s US DOE report revealed an increase of 4.6 million barrels in US crude oil inventories for the week ending February 14. This build was slightly higher than the API’s forecast of +3.3 million barrels and compared with a consensus estimate of +3.5 million barrels. As of this week, total US crude inventories stand at 432.5 million barrels – ish 3% below the five-year average for this time of year.

In addition, gasoline inventories saw a slight decrease of 0.2 million barrels, now about 1% below the five-year average. Diesel inventories decreased by 2.1 million barrels, marking a 12% drop from the five-year average for this period.

Refinery utilization averaged 84.9% of operable capacity, a slight decrease from the previous week. Refinery inputs averaged 15.4 million barrels per day, down by 15 thousand barrels per day from the prior week. Gasoline production decreased to an average of 9.2 million barrels per day, while diesel production increased to 4.7 million barrels per day.

Total products supplied (implied demand) over the last four-week period averaged 20.4 million barrels per day, reflecting a 3.7% increase compared to the same period in 2024. Specifically, motor gasoline demand averaged 8.4 million barrels per day, up by 0.4% year-on-year, and diesel demand averaged 4.3 million barrels per day, showing a strong 14.2% increase compared to last year. Jet fuel demand also rose by 4.3% compared to the same period in 2024.

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Higher on confidence OPEC+ won’t lift production. Taking little notice of Trump sledgehammer to global free trade

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19 februari, 2025

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Ticking higher on confidence that OPEC+ won’t lift production in April. Brent crude gained 0.8% yesterday with a close of USD 75.84/b. This morning it is gaining another 0.7% to USD 76.3/b. Signals the latest days that OPEC+ is considering a delay to its planned production increase in April and the following months is probably the most important reason. But we would be surprised if that wasn’t fully anticipated and discounted in the oil price already. News this morning that there are ”green shots” to be seen in the Chinese property market is macro-positive, but industrial metals are not moving. It is naturally to be concerned about the global economic outlook as Donald Trump takes a sledgehammer smashing away at the existing global ”free-trade structure” with signals of 25% tariffs on car imports to the US. The oil price takes little notice of this today though.

Bjarne Schieldrop, Chief analyst commodities, SEB

Kazakhstan CPC crude flows possibly down 30% for months due to damaged CPC pumping station. The Brent price has been in steady decline since mid-January but seems to have found some support around the USD 74/b mark, the low point from Thursday last week. Technically it is inching above the 50dma today with 200dma above at USD 77.64/b. Oil flowing from Kazakhstan on the CPC line may be reduced by 30% until the Krapotkinskaya oil pumping station is repaired. That may take several months says Russia’s Novak. This probably helps to add support to Brent crude today.

The Brent crude 1mth contract with 50dma, 100dma, 200dma and RSI. Nothing on the horizon at the moment which makes us expect any imminent break above USD 80/b

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Brent looks to US production costs. Taking little notice of Trump-tariffs and Ukraine peace-dealing

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17 februari, 2025

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Brent crude hardly moved last week taking little notice of neither tariffs nor Ukraine peace-dealing. Brent crude traded up 0.1% last week to USD 74.74/b trading in a range of USD 74.06 – 77.29/b. Fluctuations through the week may have been driven by varying signals from the Putin-Trump peace negotiations over Ukraine. This morning Brent is up 0.4% to USD 75/b. Gain is possibly due to news that a Caspian pipeline pumping station has been hit by a drone with reduced CPC (Kazaksthan) oil flows as a result.

Brent front-month contract rock solid around the USD 75/b mark. The Brent crude price level of around USD 75/b hardly moved an inch week on week. Fear that Trump-tariffs will hurt global economic growth and oil demand growth. No impact. Possibility that a peace deal over Ukraine will lead to increased exports of oil from Russia. No impact. On the latter. Russian oil production at 9 mb/band versus a more normal 10 mb/d and comparably lower exports is NOT due to sanctions by the EU and the US. Russia is part of OPEC+, and its production is aligned with Saudi Arabia at 9 mb/d and the agreement Russia has made with Saudi Arabia and OPEC+ under the Declaration of Cooperation (DoC). Though exports of Russian crude and products has been hampered a little by the new Biden-sanctions on 10 January, but that effect is probably fading by the day as oil flows have a tendency to seep through the sanction barriers over time. A sharp decline in time-spreads is probably a sign of that.

Longer-dated prices zoom in on US cost break-evens with 5yr WTI at USD 63/b and Brent at USD 68-b. Argus reported on Friday that a Kansas City Fed survey last month indicated an average of USD 62/b for average drilling and oil production in the US to be profitable. That is down from USD 64/b last year. In comparison the 5-year (60mth) WTI contract is trading at USD 62.8/b. Right at that level. The survey response also stated that an oil price of sub-USD 70/b won’t be enough over time for the US oil industry to make sufficient profits with decline capex over time with sub-USD 70/b prices. But for now, the WTI 5yr is trading at USD 62.8/b and the Brent crude 5-yr is trading at USD 67.7/b.

Volatility comes in waves. Brent crude 30dma annualized volatility.