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The rally continues with good help from Russian crude exports at 16mths low

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Propelled higher as the crude oil complex strengthens. Brent crude gained another 1% yesterday with a close of USD 77.05/b and an intraday high of USD 77.3/b. It traded initially in a normal reverse to the USD index, but in the end, it took little notice of the dollar which gained 0.4% on the day with Brent crude gaining 1% as well. One to three months’ time-spreads continued to inch higher either as a reflection of tight crude fundamentals or rising front-end speculative positions or both. Brent is gaining another 1% this morning to USD 77.8/b fueled higher by indications by API that US stocks fell 4 million barrels last week while Russian crude oil shipments fell to 16-months low into the start of 2025. One to three months’ time-spreads continues to rise this morning with the average for Brent, WTI and Dubai rising to the highest since late September last year.

Bjarne Schieldrop, Chief analyst commodities, SEB
Bjarne Schieldrop, Chief analyst commodities, SEB

Crude oil stocks set to fall further with good help from Russian crude shipments at 16 mths low. But oil products seem to be a different story. The backdrop for the crude oil price rally into the new year clearly seems to come from crude oil fundamentals which has helped to drive time-spreads higher, Saudi Arabia official selling prices higher and crude stocks lower. API yesterday indicated that US crude oil stocks fell 4 m b last week. But it also indicated that US gasoline stocks rose by 7.3 m b with diesel stocks probably up 3.2 m b. So overall the API report wasn’t all that bullish except for the fact that crude fundamentals continued to tighten. Genscape has indicated that ARA crude stocks fell 3.9 m b over week ending 3 January. Russian crude exports down to 16 months low probably helps to explain part of the strengthening of the crude complex.

Brent will likely trade USD 80-90/b if the 1-3 months’ crude oil time-spreads rises to USD 1.5-2.0/b. The average 1-3 months’ time-spread for Brent, WTI and Dubai this morning is USD 1.39/b vs only USD 1.2/b yesterday versus only USD 0.73/b in December 2024. If we look at guidance for the relationship between these time-spreads versus Brent crude 1 month flat-price we see that if this Brent, WTI and Dubai 1-3 months’ time-spread is trading in the range of USD 1.5 – 2.0/b then the Brent crude 1-month contracts should trade in the range of USD 80-90/b. If the crude fundamentals and time-spreads continues to strengthen, then we should naturally trade in the range of USD 80-90/b with further upside to come from the current USD 77.8/b.

The front-month Brent crude oil price versus the 1-3 months’ time-spreads. Trading in high sync.

The front-month Brent crude oil price versus the 1-3 months' time-spreads. Trading in high sync.
Source: SEB calculations and graph, Bloomberg data

The Brent crude oil price versus the average of 1–3 months’ time spreads for Brent, WTI and Dubai in USD/b. In 2024 Brent typically traded USD 80-90/b when the time-spreads were in the range of USD 1.5-2.0/b. So further strengthening of the crude oil complex with yet higher time-spreads will likely shift the Brent flat-price to USD 80-90/b.

The Brent crude oil price versus the average of 1–3 months' time spreads for Brent, WTI and Dubai in USD/b.
Source: SEB calculations and graph, Bloomberg data.

The technical picture is getting challenging. Pullbacks and struggle in the high 70ies likely. The technical picture has however started to become challenging as the RSI has moved very close to overbought. Thus, even if the crude fundamentals continue to strengthen, we’ll likely experience some pullbacks as we hit the 200 dma currently at USD 79.14/b. So, Brent crude will likely struggle for a little while in the high-70ies before breaking into the 80ies.

The Brent crude 1mth contract vs RSI and 50, 100 and 200 dma. Now very close to overbought.

The Brent crude 1mth contract vs RSI and 50, 100 and 200 dma. Now very close to overbought.
Source: Bloomberg graph and data, SEB highlights

Analys

Brent edges higher as India–Russia oil trade draws U.S. ire and Powell takes the stage at Jackson Hole

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Best price since early August. Brent crude gained 1.2% yesterday to settle at USD 67.67/b, the highest close since early August and the second day of gains. Prices traded to an intraday low of USD 66.74/b before closing up on the day. This morning Brent is ticking slightly higher at USD 67.76/b as the market steadies ahead of Fed Chair Jerome Powell’s Jackson Hole speech later today.

Bjarne Schieldrop, Chief analyst commodities, SEB
Bjarne Schieldrop, Chief analyst commodities, SEB

No Russia/Ukraine peace in sight and India getting heat from US over imports of Russian oil. Yesterday’s price action was driven by renewed geopolitical tension and steady underlying demand. Stalled ceasefire talks between Russia and Ukraine helped maintain a modest risk premium, while the spotlight turned to India’s continued imports of Russian crude. Trump sharply criticized New Delhi’s purchases, threatening higher tariffs and possible sanctions. His administration has already announced tariff hikes on Indian goods from 25% to 50% later this month. India has pushed back, defending its right to diversify crude sourcing and highlighting that it also buys oil from the U.S. Moscow meanwhile reaffirmed its commitment to supply India, deepening the impression that global energy flows are becoming increasingly politicized.

Holding steady this morning awaiting Powell’s address at Jackson Hall. This morning the main market focus is Powell’s address at Jackson Hole. It is set to be the key event for markets today, with traders parsing every word for signals on the Fed’s policy path. A September rate cut is still the base case but the odds have slipped from almost certainty earlier this month to around three-quarters. Sticky inflation data have tempered expectations, raising the stakes for Powell to strike the right balance between growth concerns and inflation risks. His tone will shape global risk sentiment into the weekend and will be closely watched for implications on the oil demand outlook.

For now, oil is holding steady with geopolitical frictions lending support and macro uncertainty keeping gains in check.

Oil market is starting to think and worry about next OPEC+ meeting on 7 September. While still a good two weeks to go, the next OPEC+ meeting on 7 September will be crucial for the oil market. After approving hefty production hikes in August and September, the question is now whether the group will also unwind the remaining 1.65 million bpd of voluntary cuts. Thereby completing the full phase-out of voluntary reductions well ahead of schedule. The decision will test OPEC+’s balancing act between volume-driven influence and price stability. The gathering on 7 September may give the clearest signal yet of whether the group will pause, pivot, or press ahead.

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Analys

Brent sideways on sanctions and peace talks

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Brent crude is currently trading around USD 66.2 per barrel, following a relatively tight session on Monday, where prices ranged between USD 65.3 and USD 66.8. While expectations of higher OPEC+ supply continue to weigh on sentiment, recent headlines have been dominated by geopolitics – particularly developments in Washington.

Ole R. Hvalbye, Analyst Commodities, SEB
Ole R. Hvalbye, Analyst Commodities, SEB

At the center is the White House meeting between Trump, Zelenskyy, and several key European leaders. During the meeting, Trump reportedly placed a direct call to Putin to discuss a potential bilateral sit-down between Putin and Zelenskyy, which several European officials have said could take place within two weeks.

While the Kremlin’s response remains vague, markets have interpreted this as a modestly positive signal, with both equities and global oil prices holding steady. Brent is marginally lower since yesterday’s close, while U.S. and Asian equity markets remain broadly flat.

Still, the political undertone is shifting, and markets may be underestimating the longer-term implications. According to the NY times, Putin has proposed a peace plan under which Russia would claim full control of the Donbas in exchange for dropping demands over Kherson and Zaporizhzhia – territories it has not yet seized.

Meanwhile, discussions around Ukraine’s long-term security framework are starting to take shape. Zelenskyy appeared encouraged by Trump’s openness to supporting a post-war security guarantee for Ukraine. While the exact terms remain unclear, U.S. special envoy Steve Witkoff stated that Putin had signaled willingness to allow Washington and its allies to offer Kyiv a NATO-style collective defense guarantee – a move that would significantly reshape the regional security landscape.

As diplomatic efforts gain momentum, markets are also beginning to assess the potential consequences of a partial or full rollback of U.S. sanctions on Russian energy. Any unwind would likely be gradual and uneven, especially if European allies resist or delay alignment. The U.S. could act unilaterally by loosening financial restrictions, granting Russian firms greater access to Western capital and services, and effectively neutralizing the price cap mechanism. However, the EU embargo on Russian crude and products remains a more immediate constraint on flows – particularly as it continues to tighten.

Even if the U.S. were to ease restrictions, Moscow would remain heavily reliant on buyers like India and China to absorb the majority of its crude exports, as European countries are unlikely to quickly re-engage in energy trade. That shift is already playing out. As India pulls back amid newly doubled U.S. tariffs – a response to its ongoing Russian oil purchases – Chinese refiners have stepped in.

So far in August, Chinese imports of Russia’s Urals crude – typically shipped from Baltic and Black Sea ports – have nearly doubled from the YTD average, with at least two tankers idling off Zhoushan and more reportedly en route (Kpler data). The uptick is driven by attractive pricing and the absence of direct U.S. trade penalties on China, which remains in a delicate tariff truce with Washington.

Indian refiners, by contrast, are notably more cautious – receiving offers but accepting few. The takeaway is clear: China is acting as the buyer of last resort for surplus Russian barrels, likely directing them into strategic storage. While this may temporarily cushion the effects of sanctions relief, it cannot fully offset the constraints imposed by Europe’s ongoing absence.

As a result, any meaningful boost to global supply from a rollback of U.S. sanctions on Russia may take longer to materialize than headlines suggest.

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Analys

Crude inventories builds, diesel remain low

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U.S. commercial crude inventories posted a 3-million-barrel build last week, according to the DOE, bringing total stocks to 426.7 million barrels – now 6% below the five-year seasonal average. The official figure came in above Tuesday’s API estimate of a 1.5-million-barrel increase.

Ole R. Hvalbye, Analyst Commodities, SEB
Ole R. Hvalbye, Analyst Commodities, SEB

Gasoline inventories fell by 0.8 million barrels, bringing levels roughly in line with the five-year norm. The composition was mixed, with finished gasoline stocks rising, while blending components declined.

Diesel inventories rose by 0.7 million barrels, broadly in line with the API’s earlier reading of a 0.3-million-barrel increase. Despite the weekly build, distillate stocks remain 15% below the five-year average, highlighting continued tightness in diesel supply.

Total commercial petroleum inventories (crude and products combined, excluding SPR) rose by 7.5 million barrels on the week, bringing total stocks to 1,267 million barrels. While inventories are improving, they remain below historical norms – especially in distillates, where the market remains structurally tight.

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